Checklist of minimalist authors
Minimalist composers include:
- John Adams (born in the US)
- Louis Andriessen (born in the Netherlands)
- David Behrman (born in Austria)
- Barbara Benary (born and died in the US)
- David Borden (born in the US; and his ensemble Mother Mallard’s Portable Masterpiece Company)
- Gavin Bryars (born in the UK)
- Joseph Byrd (born in the US)
- John Cage (US, 1912–1992)[1]
- Tony Conrad (born in the US)
- Tibor Szemző (born in Hungary)
- Julius Eastman (born and died in the US)
- Ludovico Einaudi (born in Italy)
- Brian Eno (born in the UK)
- Roger Eno (born in the UK)
- Renaud Gagneux (born in France)
- Frans Geysen (born in Belgium)
- Jon Gibson (born in the US)
- John Godfrey (composer) (born in the UK)
- Karel Goeyvaerts (born and died in Belgium)
- Michael Harrison (born in the US)
- Christopher Hobbs (born in the UK)
- Simeon ten Holt (born and died in the Netherlands)
- Terry Jennings (born and died in the US)
- Scott Johnson (born in the US)
- Douglas Leedy (born in the US)
- Angus MacLise (born in the US, died in Nepal)
- Richard Maxfield (born and died in the US)
- Robert Moran (born in the US)
- Phill Niblock (born in the US)
- Michael Nyman (born in the UK)
- Mike Oldfield (born in the UK)
- Pauline Oliveros (born in the US)
- Charlemagne Palestine (born in the US)
- Michael Parsons (born in the UK)
- Alexandre Rabinovitch-Barakovsky (born in Russia)
- Steve Reich (born in the US)
- Terry Riley (born in the US)
- Arthur Russell (born and died in the US)
- Howard Skempton (born in the UK)
- Dave Smith (born in the UK)
- Ann Southam (born and died in Canada)
- Yoshi Wada (born in Japan)
- Michael Waller (born in US)
- John White (born in the UK)
- La Monte Young (born in the US)
- Ralph Zurmühle (born in Switzerland)
Other minimalists include:
- Australia
- Andrew Chubb
- Robert Davidson
- Nigel Westlake
- Belgium
- Canada
- Peter Hannan
- Kyle Bobby Dunn (based in the United States)
- Estonia
- Finland
- Petri Kuljuntausta
- Erkki Salmenhaara
- France
- Georgia
- Germany
- Peter Michael Hamel
- Hauke Harder
- Hans Otte
- Ernstalbrecht Stiebler
- Walter Zimmermann
- Hungary
- Zoltán Jeney
- László Melis
- László Sáry
- László Vidovszky
- Italy
- Fulvio Caldini
- Roberto Carnevale
- Lucio Garau
- Giovanni Sollima
- Ludovico Einaudi
- Fabrizio Paterlini
- Japan
- Joe Hisaishi
- Jo Kondo
- Yoshi Wada (based in the United States)
- Yasunori Mitsuda (freelance game music composer, most noted for his works in the Chrono series)
- Latvia
- Netherlands
- Poland
- Zygmunt Krauze
- Tomasz Sikorski
- Russia
- Vladimir Martynov
- Anton Batagov
- Serbia
- South Africa
- Spain
- Ukraine
- United Kingdom
- Joe Cutler
- Graham Fitkin
- Orlando Gough
- Rob Haigh
- Max Richter
- Steve Martland
- Andrew Poppy
- Simon Rackham
- United States
- John Luther Adams
- Glenn Branca
- Harold Budd
- Lawrence Chandler
- Richard Chartier
- Rhys Chatham (based in France)
- Philip Corner (based in Italy)
- Kurt Doles
- Arnold Dreyblatt (based in Germany)
- Daniel Goode
- Rafael Anton Irisarri
- Tom Johnson (based in France)
- Ingram Marshall
- Meredith Monk
- Tim Risher
- Andrew Shapiro
- Wayne Siegel (based in Denmark)
- Michael Waller (born in US)
- Stars of the Lid (Adam Wiltzie & Brian McBride)
Mystic minimalists[edit]
A number of composers showing a distinctly religious influence have been labelled the “mystic minimalists”, or “holy minimalists”:
- Henryk Górecki
- Alan Hovhaness (the earliest mystic minimalist)
- Giya Kancheli
- Hans Otte
- Arvo Pärt
- John Tavener
- Pēteris Vasks
Precedent composers[edit]
Other composers whose works have been described as precedents to minimalism include:
- Jakob van Domselaer, whose early-20th century experiments in translating the theories of Piet Mondrian’s De Stijl movement into music represent an early precedent to minimalist music.
- Alexander Mosolov, whose orchestral composition Iron Foundry (1923) is made up of mechanical and repetitive patterns
- George Antheil, whose 1924 Ballet Mecanique is characterized by much use of motoric and repetitive patterns, as well as an instrumentation made up of multiple player pianos and mallet percussion
- Erik Satie, seen as a precursor of minimalism as in much of his music, for example his score for Francis Picabia’s 1924 film Entr’acte which consists of phrases, many borrowed from bawdy popular songs, ordered seemingly arbitrarily and repetitiously, providing a rhythmic counterpoint to the film.
- Colin McPhee, whose Tabuh-Tabuhan for two pianos and orchestra (1936) features the use of motoric, repetitive, pentatonic patterns drawn from the music of Bali (and featuring a large section of tuned percussion)
- Carl Orff, who, particularly in his later theater works Antigonae (1940–49) and Oedipus der Tyrann (1957–58), utilized instrumentations (six pianos and multiple xylophones, in imitation of gamelan music) and musical patterns (motoric, repetitive, triadic) reminiscent of the later music of Steve Reich and Philip Glass
- Yves Klein, whose 1949 Monotone Symphony (formally The Monotone-Silence Symphony, conceived 1947–1948) is an orchestral 40-minute piece whose first movement is an unvarying 20-minute drone and the second and last movement a 20-minute silence,[2][3] predating by several years both the drone music works of La Monte Young and the “silent” 4’33” of John Cage.
- Morton Feldman, whose works prominently feature some sort of repetition as well as a sparseness
- Alvin Lucier, whose acoustical experiments demand a stripped-down musical surface to bring out details in the phenomena
- Anton Webern, whose economy of materials and sparse textures led many of the minimalists who were educated in serialism[vague] to turn to a reduction of means.[citation needed]
- Alphonse Allais is the author of the earliest known example of a completely silent musical composition. His Funeral March for the Obsequies of a Great Deaf Man of 1897 consists of twenty-four blank measures. The fact that this is his one and only composition makes him all the more a precursor of minimalism in music.
References[edit]
^ Kozinn, Allan (August 13, 1992). “John Cage, 79, a Minimalist Enchanted With Sound, Dies”. The New York Times. Retrieved July 21, 2007. John Cage, the prolific and influential composer whose Minimalist works have long been a driving force in the world of music, dance and art, died yesterday at St. Vincent’s Hospital in Manhattan. He was 79 years old and lived in Manhattan..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:”””””””‘””‘”}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url(“//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png”);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(“//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg”);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url(“//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png”);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(“//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg”);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url(“//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png”);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(“//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg”);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url(“//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png”);background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(“//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg”);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}
^ Perlein and Corà 2000, 226: “This symphony, 40 minutes in length (in fact 20 minutes followed by 20 minutes of silence) is constituted of a single ‘sound’ stretched out, deprived of its attack and end which creates a sensation of vertigo, whirling the sensibility outside time.”
^ See also at YvesKleinArchives.org a 1998 sound excerpt of The Monotone Symphony Archived 2008-12-08 at the Wayback Machine (Flash plugin required), its short description Archived 2008-10-28 at the Wayback Machine, and Klein’s “Chelsea Hotel Manifesto” Archived 2010-06-13 at the Wayback Machine (including a summary of the 2-part Symphony).
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